Copyright Publishing Notice

Copyright Notice

This notice defines the formal copyright, licensing, and reuse terms for all scholarly content published in Trends in Biosciences Research (TBR) , ensuring legal transparency and full compliance with international open-access best practices.

1. Copyright Ownership
Authors retain the copyright of their original research and scholarly contributions. By submitting to and publishing with TBR, authors grant the journal a non-exclusive, irrevocable license to publish, reproduce, distribute, and archive the definitive version of the work in all formats and media under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

2. Open Access Licensing
To maximize the dissemination and application of trends and discoveries in biosciences, each article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. This license grants any user the worldwide, royalty-free right to:

  • Share – copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.

  • Adapt – remix, transform, translate, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial and educational uses.

These permissions are granted subject to one condition: proper attribution. Users must:

  • Credit the author(s) and cite Trends in Biosciences Research (TBR) as the original source of publication.

  • Provide a hyperlink to the CC BY 4.0 license.

  • Clearly indicate if the original work has been modified.

3. Rights and Responsibilities

  • Author Rights and Self-Archiving: Authors are expressly permitted and encouraged to deposit the final published PDF (version of record) in institutional repositories, subject repositories (e.g., PubMed Central where applicable), preprint servers, personal websites, and academic social networks including ResearchGate (https://www.researchgate.net/) and Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.com/). Authors may reuse their own figures, tables, datasets, and text in future publications, grant applications, presentations, theses, or teaching materials without obtaining further permission, provided the original TBR publication is appropriately cited.

  • Third-Party Content: Authors are solely responsible for obtaining written permission from the copyright holder for any third-party material (e.g., micrographs, images, illustrations, molecular structures, genetic sequences, adapted figures, extended quotations, proprietary datasets) included in their manuscript. Proof of permission must be provided to the editorial office upon request. Authors must also ensure compliance with any relevant ethical guidelines for research involving biological materials or specimens.

  • Publisher Archiving and Preservation: Trends in Biosciences Research (TBR) ensures the long-term preservation and perpetual accessibility of all published content through participation in trusted digital preservation networks. These include:

These systems create distributed archives among participating libraries worldwide, guaranteeing that all content remains permanently available to the biosciences research community even in the event the journal ceases publication.

4. Ethical Standards and Scholarly Integrity

Authors must confirm that their submission is original, has not been published elsewhere, and is not under simultaneous consideration by another publication. Manuscripts must be free from plagiarism, data fabrication, image manipulation, or any other unethical practices. Trends in Biosciences Research (TBR) adheres to the principles, policies, and flowcharts of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) : https://publicationethics.org. The journal also follows established standards for research in the biosciences, including:

Any allegations of plagiarism, copyright infringement, data fabrication, image manipulation, ethical approval violations, or other misconduct will be investigated promptly and thoroughly in accordance with COPE guidelines.

5. Research Ethics and Compliance

  • Human Subjects Research: For research involving human subjects, human tissues, or human data, authors must confirm that the study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and that informed consent was obtained where appropriate. A statement of ethical approval from an appropriate institutional review board or ethics committee must be included in the manuscript.

  • Animal Research: For research involving animals, authors must confirm that the study complied with relevant institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals, as well as relevant international standards such as the ARRIVE guidelines. The principles of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) should be followed.

  • Biosafety: For research involving hazardous biological materials, pathogens, or genetically modified organisms, authors must confirm that the work was conducted in accordance with relevant institutional, national, and international biosafety guidelines and that all necessary approvals were obtained.

  • Plant and Microbial Research: For research involving plant or microbial materials, authors must confirm compliance with relevant regulations regarding collection, handling, and disposal, including any permits required for fieldwork or work with regulated species.

  • Conflict of Interest: Authors must declare any potential conflicts of interest that could influence the research or its interpretation.