POST-ABORTION HEALTH COMPLICATIONS IN PAKISTAN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Unsafe abortion is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in Pakistan, yet data on post-abortion complications remain sparse. To assess the prevalence, types, and determinants of post-abortion health complications among women in Pakistan. A hospital-based cross-sectional study of 450 women presenting with post-abortion complications at tertiary care facilities in Punjab and Sindh (2022–2023). Data were collected via structured questionnaires and medical records. Statistical analysis included chi-square tests and logistic regression. 68% of participants experienced incomplete abortion, 22% sepsis, and 15% hemorrhage. Women with limited education (OR=2.1, 95% CI: 1.4–3.2) and those seeking care from unqualified providers (OR=3.8, 95% CI: 2.5–5.7) had higher odds of severe complications. Delayed healthcare access (>24 hours) exacerbated outcomes (p<0.001). Socioeconomic disparities and reliance on unsafe abortion practices drive preventable complications. Strengthening reproductive healthcare access and legal reforms are urgently needed.